Translation of "Copper loss" in German

It is found that removal of the interfacial layer by ultrasound treatment in ethanol brings about an increased degree of copper and barium loss.

It is also known from H. Zitter, Werkstoffe und Korrosion 7 (1957), 758 that steels having the composition of 18% Cr, 22% Ni, 3% Mo and 2% copper have material loss rates of up to 1.8 mm p.a. in the concentration range of 60 to 80% strength sulfuric acid at 60° C. It is furthermore known from the Dechema Materials Table that nickel alloys are corrosion-resistant in sulfuric acid media.

The copper losses are thus now a quarter.

Ignoring the iron losses in the primary part, only the copper losses V cu are significant.

Roasting did not result in any copper or gold losses.

In this way not only is the complexity of refining substantially reduced, but also substantially less copper losses are caused.

In this way not only is the refining complexity substantially reduced, but also substantially less copper losses are caused.

It is known that in an ideal and saturated magnetic circuit (without copper and iron losses), the most favorable case is that half the electrical energy consumed is converted into mechanical energy, while the other half is converted into useless magnetic energy, assuming that the magnetic circuit is fed with constant current.

Chemical and copper dragout losses and also waste treatment costs can, we have determined, be eliminated if the equipment installed for the etch solution regeneration can also be useful for the recovery of the dragout losses.

A power rectifier constructed in accordance with the invention has the advantage that the heat of the transformer which can arise from core and copper losses, is directly conducted to the heat sink.

Small copper losses which are unavoidable in the synthesis of methylchlorosilane can easily be made up by adding copper-containing aqueous solutions, such as the above-mentioned waste products from industrial processes, to the above-described aqueous suspension of the process residues.

In the present description, the ideal protected object is simulated with no consideration of the effects of the voltage regulation, copper and iron losses, or charging currents.

The reduction of the short-circuit voltage allows a more inexpensive construction and, above all, lower copper losses of the transformer, with the same dimensioning criteria.

This allows the transformer costs and copper losses to be reduced, leading to an improvement of the overall efficiency.

Ignoring iron and friction losses, that is to say considering only copper losses (resistive losses), the amount of heat which is introduced into the motor by switching does not change in the case of the motor according to the invention, provided that the relative load remains the same.

Similar results have been shown for various elements including zinc, iron and copper, where sweat losses are typically only a small percentage of the RDA (29-31).

Such an arrangement leads to excellent self-compensation of the coil system, particularly the temperature dependence of copper losses.

This measure has the advantage that the resultant copper losses or line losses remain virtually the same in the first state and in the second state.

Since the required number of windings numbers of the transformer is reduced inversely proportional to the frequency, it is possible, in this way, to greatly reduce the copper losses, and the entire transformer becomes substantially smaller.

Moreover, the environment is seriously contaminated by the sprayed copper, material losses also being observed.

While the magnitude of the impedance Z of the series element can be determined from the relative short-circuit voltage u k and, for the sake of simplicity, this can be assumed to be purely inductive in the case of transformers in transforming stations—if, for example, no information is available about the copper losses—the admittance Y of the parallel elements is initially unknown.