Translation of "Anthropogenic forcing" in German

We also review examples of expected climatic from anthropogenic CO2 forcing.

The fingerprint of anthropogenic greenhouse-gas forcing is a distinctive "hot-spot" in the tropical mid-troposphere.

Climate change arises from natural and anthropogenic external forcing, as well as from variations within the climate system.

One example of a problem with estimating the effects of a high level of atmospheric CO2 loading concerns potential changes in ENSO characteristics, for which no statistically significant change is predicted until the anthropogenic forcing is 4 times the preindustrial value (Collins 2000a).

They can now better reproduce the 20th century global warming, using both natural and anthropogenic forcing (see Figure 4).

There are new estimates of the climate response to natural and anthropogenic forcing, and new detection techniques have been applied.

Climate is also known to vary naturally on multi-decadal (eg 30-year) time scales and for reasons that have nothing to do with anthropogenic forcing.

It also offers the possibility to investigate whether or not an interaction can be detected between natural (sun, volcanoes) and anthropogenic (greenhouse effect) forcing as well as natural variability (in this case the North Atlantic Oscillation), and alpine temperature and precipitation.

Simulations that include estimates of natural and anthropogenic forcing reproduce the observed large-scale changes in surface temperature over the 20th century (Figure 4).

The anthropogenic sulphate aerosol forcing, while uncertain, is negative over this period and therefore cannot explain the warming.

The best agreement between model simulations and observations over the last 140 years has been found when all the above anthropogenic and natural forcing factors are combined, as shown in Figure 4c.

However, in some regions anthropogenic forcing on the climate system could kick-start abrupt and potentially irreversible changes.

Above the surface, the land-sea contrast weakens significantly so that no imprint of anthropogenic thermal forcing anomalies persist there.

Palmer and olleagues also propose that the impact of anthropogenic CO2 forcing might be revealed as a projection onto these natural weather regimes.

By combining various micropaleontological, sedimentological, and (inorganic and organic) geochemical methods to so-called multi-proxy approaches we seek to understand the environmental responses to external (e.g. climate, ice sheet dynamics, sea level, tectonics), and for the most recent past also to anthropogenic forcing.

As one aspect, they simulate climate response to external natural and anthropogenic forcing, but they also reveal how climate interacts with the biogeochemical cycles such as the carbon cycle (Chapter 2).

The project aims at the balancing of meso-scale to long-scale energy and mass fluxes in the Beibu Gulf as a result of natural and anthropogenic forcing.

These observational schemes thus offer hope for critical tests of climate model predictions and for the detection of anthropogenic CO2 forcing before it becomes too large.

Those artificially modified and uncertain energy components of GCMs place severe constraints on our ability to find the imprint of a mere 4Wm-2 radiative perturbation associated with anthropogenic CO2 forcing over 100 to 200 yr in the climate system.

The research team headed by Tim Lenton from the University of East Anglia in Norwich, Great Britain, and Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) in Germany has introduced the term ''tipping element'' to describe large-scale components of the Earth system that may be pushed past critical thresholds by anthropogenic forcing.

I have a question about anthropogenic force.

Since the COWL pattern is primarily a surface phenomenon, one can expect to find a stronger anthropogenic CO2-forced temperature imprint at the surface than in the troposphere.

Due to massive greenhouse gas emissions since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the planet’s natural environment is now being shaped by anthropogenic forces that may activate so-called “tipping elements” in fundamental components of the climate system (ice sheets, mega-ecosystems, atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns, etc.).

To preserve the focus on anthropogenic forcings, the IPCC's minuscule estimate of the solar forcing during the anthropogenic era is omitted.

The design of the study also allows for the first time to isolate the land use change effects from those of other anthropogenic forcings due to greenhouse gas or aerosol emissions in the IPCC/CMIP5 scenarios.

The most common difficulty facing the interpretation of many GCMs results is related to confusion arising from natural and anthropogenic forcings that may or may not be internally consistent.

Due to massive greenhouse gas emissions since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the planet's natural environment is now being shaped by anthropogenic forces that may activate so-called "tipping elements" in fundamental components of the climate system (as ice sheets, mega-ecosystems, atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns).

We report a similar freshening trend reproduced in an ensemble of four coupled model simulations with all major historical external (natural and anthropogenic) forcings.

Due to massive greenhouse gas emissions since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the planet's natural environment is now being shaped by anthropogenic forces that may activate so-called "tipping elements" in fundamental components of the climate system (ice sheets, mega-ecosystems, atmospheric and oceanic circulation patterns, etc.).

Because the expected anthropogenic climate forcings are relatively small compared to other background and forcing factors (internal and external), the credibility of the modeled global and regional responses rests on the validity of the models.