Translation of "Filamentation" in German

In finely structured thyristors of the MCT or GTO type, however, extremely inhomogeneous current density distributions (filaments) may occur during turning-off (in this connection see K. Lilja and H. Gruning, "Onset of Current Filamentation in GTO Devices", PESC '90, Power Electronics Specialist Conference, pages 398-406 (1990)).

Under normal conditions, this inevitably results in a redistribution and a filamentation of the current, which may destroy the device.

During turning-off, on the other hand, this additional layer is between the cathode and the p-n-p-n thyristor structure and effectively prevents the electron injection which results in filamentation.

The invention has the advantage that by providing shadowed regions inside the source zones which are preferably undoped or at least doped much more weakly than the source zones, the critical regions in the cell array with the highest current density are specifically moderated, and thus current filamentation is largely avoided.

The provision of shadowed regions in the source zones reduces the effective channel width per cell area and avoids filamentation of the current in the drift zone.

Thus, the core of the invention is to configure the cathode emitter of a GTO in terms of design such that the instability due to current filamentation is largely eliminated.

Thus, the invention makes available a turn-off power semiconductor component by means of which high currents and voltages can be mastered without difficulty and without current filamentation.

Here, the abovementioned disadvantages set limits to the present-day, known GTOs, because they can be destroyed, in particular by excessively high local loads, due to current filamentation.

However, filamentation is a complex collection of phenotypes, which makes assaying for it as if it were a simple phenotype misleading.

Additional ways of increasing the plasma length are obtained by nonlinear beam light propagation direction (self-focusing by the generated plasma) and filamentation in transparent media.

For lens fragmentation or break-up, comparatively weakly focused high-energy laser pulses are used, so there is here a particularly high tendency to filamentation.

Here the extended seed for the downstream OPA stage (OPA 2, main-OPA) is generated by spectral widening by filamentation.

In this case, non-linear propagation effects and filamentation occur more easily when femtosecond pulses are used than when using the inventive method.

The processes that are of importance in white light generation (WLC, in particular WLC 1 and WLC 2) are known in English under the concepts of “self phase modulation”, “filamentation”, “supercontinuum generation” and “white light generation”.

In addition, when using nanosecond pulses, due to the lower peak power nonlinear propagation effects and filamentation can better be avoided than with femtosecond pulses.

If one uses laser pulses of high power, and the cutting direction runs substantially perpendicular to the laser beam direction, then a focus elongation by nonlinear propagation of the beam and filamentation is usually to be avoided if possible.

The present invention relates to a deactivatable thyristor, in which the filamentation during the deactivation operation is averted.

Deactivatable thyristors tend to filamentation during the deactivation operation, because they include a very great number of parallel-connected single thyristors.

The object of the present invention is to disclose a deactivatable thyristor in which the effects caused by filamentation are largely avoided.

When such discharge processes act on an integrated circuit, irreversible changes in its components or assemblies can occur, for example by burn-through of thin layers (thin-film burn-out), filamentation, and short-circuiting of layer junctions (junction spiking), charge carrier injection in oxide layers or oxide rupture, which under some circumstances leads to destruction of the entire IC.

Because of the current filamentation, the maximum current that the component element is capable of turning off without destruction is severely reduced.

The laser system of any of claim 5, wherein the master oscillator is operative to generate the input sub-nanosecond pulses each with a peak power at least equal to critical power (Pc) for producing a nonlinear effect in the nonlinear bulk gain medium which includes one of self-focusing, self-phase modulation, cross-phase modulation, four-wave mixing, filamentation, pulse compression or a combination of these.