Übersetzung für "Trickle bed reactor" in Deutsch

The reactor is especially preferably a trickle bed reactor.

Such a procedure may be carried out for example in a trickle-bed reactor.

In the trickle-bed reactor, the flow velocity of the liquid phase is low.

The experiment was carried out in a trickle bed reactor of 8.8 mm internal diameter and 40 cm length.

Suitable for the continuous method is, for example, a continuous tubular reactor, stirred tank reactor, fixed-bed reactor or trickle-bed reactor.

A trickle-bed reactor having a length of 3 m and an internal diameter of 16 mm is packed with Catalyst B (cf. Example 1).

The process can be carried out batchwise in the liquid phase in a stirred apparatus but may also be effected continuously in a trickle-bed reactor or liquid-phase reactor.

A trickle-bed reactor having a length of 3 meters and an internal diameter of 16 mm is packed with Catalyst B (cf. Example 1).

Hydrogen was passed from above into the second reaction tube with a volume flow of 36 l/h, the reactor thus operated as a trickle bed reactor.

All the experiments on the direct synthesis, apart from example 2, were carried out in a trickle bed reactor of 16 mm internal diameter and 40 cm length.

Methanol with 0.0002 mol/l bromide and 0.01 mol/l sulfuric acid was chosen as the solvent at the intake of the trickle bed reactor.

Hydrogen can be fed into the trickle bed reactor either in excess or as required in order to maintain the pressure.

It is particularly advantageous to feed the fraction boiling after the isophoronediamine, which, in addition to isophoronediamine residues, contains 3,5,5-trimethyl-6-imino-7-azabicyclo 3,2,1!octane as the main product, into the trickle bed reactor together with the mixture of isophoronenitrile, ammonia and solvent.

It has furthermore been found that it is possible to prepare isophoronediamine with a cis/trans isomer ratio above that which is obtainable using a supported cobalt catalyst, and in high yield, by carrying out the aminating hydrogenation reaction in a trickle bed reactor in which an upper layer of a supported ruthenium catalyst and a lower layer of a cobalt fixed bed catalyst are arranged.

To reduce the risk of explosion due to the large gas volume which is customary for a trickle bed reactor, nitrogen is added as an inert gas to the reaction gas.

Water with 0.001 mol/l bromide and 0.01 mol/l sulfuric acid was chosen as the solvent at the intake of the trickle bed reactor.

According to a more detailed aspect of the invention, whereas a cis/trans isomer ratio of 60 to 40 is attained by using for example a cobalt fixed bed catalyst and carrying out the aminating hydrogenation in a trickle bed reactor using a starting mixture of isophoronenitrile, ammonia and methanol at a pressure of 6 MPa and at a temperature of 120° C., the isomer ratio can be increased to 80 to 20 by carrying out the reaction in the manner according to the present invention at about 40° C. in the first step and 120° C. in the second step.

Conveniently, the trickle bed reactor also contains a device for distributing the liquid mixture charged onto the upper layer of the reactor.

The trickle bed reactor or reactors are also equipped with suitable devices for charging the reactants (i.e., in this case the mixture containing isophoronenitrile, ammonia and solvent, and the hydrogen) as well as with devices for distributing the liquid over the surface of the first catalyst bed and, finally, with suitable devices for discharging the reaction mixture leaving the reactor.

The aminating hydrogenation is carried out by allowing a mixture of isophoronenitrile, ammonia and a C1 -C3 -alcohol, in the presence of hydrogen, to trickle over a trickle bed reactor provided with a Co and/or Ru fixed bed catalyst, at 3 to 8 MPa and at a temperature of 40° to 150° C., preferably 90 to 130° C., and working up the reaction mixture by distillation.

Apart from the constituents mentioned above, the mixture to be charged onto the catalyst can contain fractions, boiling above or below isophoronediamine, from the distillative recovery of the reaction mixture withdrawn from the trickle bed reactor.

EP-B 0 042 119 does not suggest passing a mixture containing isophoronenitrile, ammonia and organic solvent, instead of a mixture of isophoronenitrile and ammonia, over a trickle bed reactor at an essentially low pressure and without the need for a preliminary imine formation reaction.