Übersetzung für "Public purchaser" in Deutsch

The public purchaser can also demand a free licence to use the R & D results for internal use.

Thus, one specific objective should be to increase in particular public purchaser demand for green products over the next three years.

That criterion allows a public purchaser to evaluate the intrinsic qualities of the product or service and to award contracts to the most economically advantageous tender.

In this approach, the public purchaser shares the R & D results with other public authorities and industry through publication and standardisation, as well as through their commercialisation.

To ensure that such an arrangement is beneficial both for the public purchaser and for the companies involved in pre-commercial procurement, R & D risks and benefits are shared between them such that both parties have an incentive to pursue wide commercialisation and take up of the new solutions.

It provides that a public purchaser can fund, in part or in whole, the early stages of a project up to and including pre-production testing but no further.

Therefore, paragraph 6 also states that a public purchaser may not disregard a tender which complies with European or international standards on grounds that the standard would not satisfy the required performance except where the specification is not appropriate (incompatibility with equipment, for example) or if the specification does not deal with the same requirement.

The financial compensation which the public purchaser gets for not exclusively reserving all R & D benefits for itself can make it, compared to exclusive development, more affordable to contract a number of developments from competing companies and to procure more upstream R & D.

The exclusive assignment of rights to the public purchaser takes away the incentive for companies to invest in further commercialisation.

Exclusive development means that the public purchaser reserves all the results and benefits of the development (including Intellectual Property Rights or IPRs) exclusively for its own use.

The phases of submission, evaluation and ordering are the most challenging as they require an agreed set of protocols and standards for organising the exchange of complex documents and interaction between the public purchaser and suppliers.

Similarly, the public purchaser may specify the raw materials and the production processes to be used in the contract.

It is only at the end of the pre-commercial procurement that the public purchaser has comparative test evidence that proves whether the developed solutions truly outperform other solutions available at the same time on the market or not.

The right to require participating companies to license IPRs to third party suppliers at market price enables the public purchaser to ensure access to a sufficiently large and competitive supply chain while allowing the participating companies to gain revenues on IPRs they have obtained during the pre-commercial procurement project.

E.g. the public purchaser can require participating companies to license IPRs to third parties under fair and reasonable market conditions.

When benefits shared include IPRs, care must be taken that when IPR ownership rights are assigned to companies participating in the pre-commercial procurement, this is done in a way that does not give the companies any form of unfair advantage in possible future procurements and that enables the public purchaser to access a sufficiently large and competitive supply chain.

This can lead to locking the public purchasers to one supplier.

Public services and public purchasing operations are being opened to private competition.

Criteria documents which can easily be used by public purchasers.

All public purchasing above certain thresholds will thus be covered by the Treaty rules on free movement.

Public purchases amounted to 19% of domestic production.

Public purchasers are susceptible to pressure from local political and economic Interests.