Übersetzung für "Beizvorgang" in Englisch

Following the second staining pass the black stain showed a distinct green coloration.

After the pickling process, the steel is rinsed with highly purified water.

This can be accomplished using a pickling process for instance.

This increases the consumption of oxidising agent and thus makes the pickling process more costly.

A second staining process was then performed after the previously used up stain had been replenished.

To control the residual scale, the scale map of the current coil can optionally be shown after the pickling process.

These often also contain hydrofluoric acid which promotes the pickling process due its complexing effect with iron ions.

The pickling process can still be controlled at an upper limit of 40 g/l of free HF.

The pickling procedure continues in depth at already pickled points and breaks up the surface.

The process according to claim 10, wherein the roughened electrode substrate (20) does not undergo a pickling procedure.

This new technology determines the precise point in time when the seed treatment process is to be stopped.

In this LIFE project, it was demonstrated that the etching could be replaced by a new coating process (pre-soldering) prior to manufacturing the pins.

If the regenerated pickle recycled to the pickling bath contains an excessively high content of residual NaF because the precipitant had been added in an excessively high proportion, a precipitation of Na2 ZrF6 will already be initiated in the pickling bath so that the pickling operation will be adversely affected.

The pretreating of thermoplastic substrates containing carbonamide groups and an inorganic, fine-particulate adhesion filler, is improved to produce strongly adhering metal coatings thereon, by combining the following steps: the pickling is divided in at least two partial steps, where the first partial step comprises predipping in a pickling solution such as 50 to 96% sulfuric acid where the surface tension is lowered to at most 25 mN/m at 20° C., and the pretreated plastic is dried at 70° to 110° C. before the actual galvanic metal deposition.

The pickling baths used in the method of this invention also contain water in order to better keep the salts in solution that have formed during the pickling process.

Due to these successive process steps, a low-carbon steel strip can be pickled inline and the speeds given by the thin-slab casting installation and the subsequent hot strip rolling mill, when correspondingly adapted, are suitable for governing the temperature control for preparing the pickling process as well as for controlling the pickling process for common thicknesses and widths of rolled product.

The aqueous sulfuric acid solution of increased concentration forming in the anolyte chamber 4 is fed through outlet 16 and line 23 as fresh component for the etching process through inlet 24 of the etching apparatus 20.

This test result shows that conventional stains are not practical for use in autoclaves of normal, non-rust-resistant steel, because only a single staining process can be performed.

The stain is already damaged in the first treatment phase extending over 24 hours to such an extent that it is no longer usable for a second staining process.

Depletion of acid occurs by the pickling process in the contact regions. This depletion must be remedied by continuous replacement or exchange, meaning by circulation in the pickling basin.

In the catholyte chamber 3 is an aqueous sulfuric acid solution, which when the process starts is fed through line 11 to produce the ion conduction. Water is added as needed during the electrolysis process, and the additionally forming sulfuric acid is removed through the outlet 12 of the catholyte chamber and fed back into the regeneration process, which is for example an etching procedure.

In the anolyte chamber 4 the dissociation of water takes place, the oxygen being carried away as gas from the open-topped tank 1 and the hydrogen ions together with the sulfate ions are recombined to sulfuric acid, the concentration of which is raised in the course of the electrolysis process, and it exits through outlet 16 to the etching process.

FIG. 2 shows how the solution containing sulfuric acid circulates according to the process; the used etching solution is fed as an aqueous sulfate solution containing metal ions through outlet 21 of the etching apparatus 20 and line 15 to the anolyte chamber 4 of the cell, while the virtually pure sulfuric acid of increased concentration is fed back through line 23 to the etching process.

According to the prior art, this problem could be solved by applying chromate-containing conversion coatings immediately after the pickling step.

In the partial electrochemical polishing and/or pickling a casing, the so-called tampon, is placed on the surface area to be processed and then the polishing or pickling procedure is carried out.

A cavity is formed between the deflecting means and the covers independent therefrom in which an air buffer is formed in which the hydrogen gas generated during pickling can escape to a limited extent through the gaps remaining between the deflecting beams.

As described above, to enhance the adhesion of the adhesive, at least the joint face of the light metal body is subjected to surface pretreatment, preferably passivation or activation with a passivation solution, a pickling process or a plasma treatment, before the adhesive is applied.

When the product to be coated is a cold-rolled steel strip or sheet, which has to undergo re-crystallizing annealing before the hot-dip coating, the pickling procedure according to the invention takes place between the exit from the respective annealing unit and entry into the hot-dip installation.

For example, the etching operation roughens or chemically alters the polymer surface such that adhesion between plastic and metal coating is enabled.